I think the best pattern for this is Change Data Capture (CDC). Checkout out something like Debezium.

In short, IIRC, it looks into the RDBMSs redo log, and turns it into a message stream. You can then stream this into some kind of messaging platform (Kakfa is typical) and then process the data any way you want. Log it, aggregate it, archive it, stick it in another database, or object store, etc...