Jest is inadequate because it doesn't support some non-standard experimental feature that was shoehorned into TypesScript to make it look more like C#?
But yes, I think jest, a "JavaScript testing framework designed to ensure correctness of any JavaScript codebase" should support JavaScript features, even the ones you don't like the provenance of.
Some form of them might eventually be a JavaScript feature, but anything using them now is potentially incompatible with that future form.