On all platforms, it's presumably lower maintenance.
These advantages probably mostly add up if you have a lot of "dumb" kiosk type systems, like in a classroom setting, where children are already often given Chromium appliances rather than general purpose computers.
the world is running Android/iOS/Chrome, chromeOS makes sense since it removes the OS from the equation, you are accessing the web directly, local or public
For developers, it doesn't make much sense, but for the rest of the world, it is perfect
Developer chiming in - ChromeOS makes a lot of sense since the launch of Linux VMs (aka Crostini)[0]. I get full access to Linux tools & VSCode on a light & cheap[1] Chromebook I can take everywhere without worrying about it being damaged or stolen; I take it to places I wouldn't dare bring a Macbook Pro. Very few workloads require remoting to my heavy-hitter desktop/cloud VM instance via ssh (or Jupyter notebooks) - far fewer than I initially thought. It's perfectly capable of handling Javascript/CSS/HTML and Go/Python projects
0. Sadly, Crostini only runs on Intel Chromebooks
1. I'm talking about than $200-$250 new, full HD screen, Intel Atom that can eke out 8+ hours on battery. I also bought a 2nd hand backup Chromebook for $53 on Goodwill
We deployed this for home office all secretaries as it is cheap and just works.