The Sibling Effect
nytimes.com
nytimes.com
Also: how old you are compared to the rest of your class at school. The older ones tend to wind up more dominant, the younger ones less so.
Thus, it wouldn't be 12 divisions, but perhaps 4 or so (and rotated 180 in the southern hemisphere). And possibly not apparent in modern society.
EDIT (goodness, downvote?) some studies: intelligence correlation (http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/health/people-born-in-sp...) ----- anorexia correlation http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/...
Birth order, on the other hand, is something wholly out of your control with substantial rammifications. They aren't always pretty rammifications. People don't really like to hear about that sort of thing.
/youngest of three
Do you mean this or do you mean position in pecking order (I guess studies are needed to show it).
I was youngest of two but lived as youngest of four (and not in an enlarged step-family). I feel that the inter-relationships between me, my sibling and my sort-of-siblings is more key to my make up than strict birth order.
Presumably if you're the youngest of 8 but you're adopted in to a family as the eldest (at a young age) then you're more likely to develop as if you were an eldest child.
tl;dr - hypothesis: it's not birth order but age in your groups.
Much like a MBTI, this is probably useful in the broad sense, but should not be depended upon objectively.
[1]http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/st...