Nim can run almost any code (that doesn’t interface with C FFI) at compile time, since in addition to a compiler they have a bytecode VM that executes a large subset of the language. (https://nim-lang.org/docs/nims.html) Really cool stuff, the only other language that I’ve seen doing this approach is Jai, which is sadly still in closed development. (Jai’s CTE is much grander in scope, in that it would be able to do anything normal code can do.)

C++ (gcc and clang) and D’s compile-time evaluation is a bit more limited in scope, and still uses a tree-walk interpreter, although D might also migrate to a bytecode VM someday (https://dlang.org/blog/2017/04/10/the-new-ctfe-engine/)