Lifting weights for just 3 seconds a day can improve muscle strength
studyfinds.org
studyfinds.org
It is surprising that doing just one repetition works. A typical recommendation with high intensity training is to select weight so one can do 5-12 repetitions to the point of failure. The actual number depends on goal (strength or muscle size), genetics etc. I guess the college students where not trained previously so this worked.
However, that's not quite everything when considering "muscle strength"
We also have to consider neurological adaptations that make it easier to use more of the existing muscle at once to increase power output.