As others have pointed in this thread, there's NestJS, Sails.js and AdonisJS, which are closer to Rails than Express or Next.js. And there's Meteor too, like the sibling post mentioned.

But to be fair 99% of JS backends I see are using Express (or AWS Lambda). Considering there's lots of choices I wonder if the problem is the fact the community never focused on a single solution. I wonder if a Merb/Rails-style merge between some of them would help that.