Just look at some of the examples right at the start of the book, in the first chapter:
> This section describes two methods for checking the primality of an integer n, one with order of growth Theta(sqrt(n)), and a 'probabilistic' algorithm with order of growth Theta(log n).
> ...
> Fermat's Little Theorem: If n is a prime number and a is any positive integer less than n, then a raised to the nth power is congruent to a modulo n.
> ...
> When we first introduced the square-root procedure, in section 1.1.7, we mentioned that this was a special case of Newton's method. If x -> g(x) is a differentiable function, then a solution of the equation g(x) = 0 is a fixed point of the function x -> f(x) where [complex formula] and Dg(x) is the derivative of g evaluated at x.
As someone who has a masters degree in CS, I agree with OP. People mostly recommend SICP to beginners because they want to sound smart, not because it's a good intro to programming.