This Act changes the U.S. from a First to Invent system to a First to File.
First to file only means that, if you filed for a patent on some thing after someone else who also filed to patent it, you definitely don't get the patent (in a first-to-invent system, whichever of you can show the oldest documentation of invention gets the patent).
And even if you didn't derive your work from theirs, you still have a problem with prior art.