If you think of javascript as a compilation target rather than a language, typescript is just one of many languages that can target that. And I'd argue that even javascript these days is transpiled to what runs in the browser. It might be the same javascript dialect. But minified/obfuscated etc. But more commonly, it's more than just that. In short, modern javascript development involves transpilation/compilation. It just does. The whole scripted/interpreted vs. compiled distinction that people used to make is less relevant these days. It pretty much always involves some kind of compiler.
And if you are going to use a compiler, you might as well use a proper one that does some useful stuff like prevent bugs, check types, optimize, etc. Typesystems have come a long way in the last 20 years. In short, there is no technical reason to be using Javascript exclusively in 2022. Whether it's Clojure, Elm, Kotlin, or other languages; they each have in common that they have js transpilers that work quite nicely and type systems that are definitely a level up from the unholy mess that is Javascript's "it could be a string or some object or undefined, but who the hell knows". Some people actually prefer that. Other people want no part of that kind of sloppy typing. And the good news is that there is no technical need to have any of that.
I've been using Kotlin-js for the last year for a web application. The tool chain has some rough edges but the language is a joy to work with generally also for browser development. Definitely an upgrade over typescript, which I've also used in the past. And we have quite a bit of multi platform kotlin code that we also use server side. A lot of what we do is increasingly multiplatform and not explicitly dependent on the JVM. We could choose to use that code also on Android or IOS (via the native compiler). With compose web and other emerging Kotin web frameworks and the upcoming WASM compiler for Kotlin, I suspect it's going to become a lot more popular to use for web applications. With WASM, transpiling to Javascript will ultimately become a thing of the past. If you are compiling, you might as well produce WASM. Short term there are some open interoperability issues with browser APIs of course. However, nothing that can't be solved long term.