cooper@ubuntu:~$ apt-cache search drupal
  dh-make-drupal - Create Debian packages from Drupal modules and themes
  drivel - Blogging client for the GNOME desktop
  drupal6 - fully-featured content management framework
  drupal6-mod-addtoany - addtoany module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-cck - cck module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-commentrss - commentrss modules for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-contemplate - contemplate module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-filefield - filefield module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-i18n - i18n module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-imageapi - imageapi module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-imagecache - imagecache module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-imagecache-actions - imagecache_actions module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-imagefield - imagefield module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-imagefield-assist - imagefield_assist module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-inline - inline module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-ldap-integration - ldap_integration module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-lightbox2 - lightbox2 module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-masquerade - masquerade module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-openid-provider - openid_provider modules for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-pingback - pingback modules for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-site-verify - site_verify module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-tagadelic - tagadelic module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-trackback - trackback module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-views - views modules for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-views-charts - views_charts modules for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-views-groupby - views_groupby modules for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-xmlsitemap - xmlsitemap module for Drupal 6
  drupal6-mod-xrds-simple - xrds_simple modules for Drupal 6
  drupal6-thm-arthemia - arthemia theme for Drupal 6
  drupal6-trans-ru - Russian translation for Drupal 6
  drush - command line shell and Unix scripting interface for Drupal

This is from Ubuntu 11.10. In Fedora 16 they have a drupal7 package, but most of the pre-packaged modules are for drupal6.