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It certainly could but with awful performance. This is just a proof of concept and no one should do this save to experiment with low level Ethernet.

You're far better off starting with a micro controller that features USB and Ethernet built in, of which there are MANY.

If you want Ethernet on your pi pico, use an SPI Ethernet controller such as the Microchip LAN9250.

To be fair, LAN9250s generally also have awful perf in the same ballpark.

Yeah, but standard pico usb is slow (it has usb 1.1 with 12Mbit/s or even 1.5Mbit/s). BUT you could add separate usb 2.0 phy, but AFAIK it would have to share some pins with that ethernet phy, but still doable.

Never looked at USB 2.0 phy, but you can move any pins used by the eth phy, so I don't see why you would have to share pins between the two.

I remembered bad, ULPI uses only 12 lines, not 20, so you could easily add it without sharing pins.

Almost certainly.