First, you have to manufacture to automotive grade standards. So that right there is going to set you back a generation or two. You can't just pick some consumer grade sensor off the shelf.
Second, you now have to confirm to ASIL safety standards. A lot of the work we did on these sensors was to build in continuous self testing circuitry. For every frame the sensor would actually inject known values into the physical pixels, read them out and process them like a real picture, and compare with the reference before sending data out to the ISP.
I'd also like to know what webcams that aren't insanely expensive have better dynamic range. Is that really true? You list this as the third spec, but this was the most important spec to design for after safety. In part because dynamic range is also important for safety. And it has to be high dynamic range without too many artifacts. The sensor I worked on could do three exposures simultaneously on the same sensor and could either stitch them together on-die or stream out all three exposures to an external ISP. I've never heard of a consumer camera sensor with that kind of capability, but then I don't follow the market much anymore.
Sensitivity is obviously also important. I think the bayer pattern was RGBW and sacrificed color accuracy for sensitivity. Higher resolution would compromise sensitivity for a given die size.
Resolution and frame rate could be better, but frankly it's about good enough for what they're trying to do.