If we started reducing emissions in the 90s it might have worked, but at this stage we need to go down to net zero emissions to succeed. And we can't reduce to zero.
Until 2025 anything dirty - tax is 3% for import
2028 tax is 6%
2030 - 12% etc...
Also rollout new target for next Phases. To get rid of coal first, Gas after, ICE cars, inefficient heating, metal production...
You can make it more complex to include coal in formula etc. So if energy production contains 15% of coal then tax this economy. If that doesn't work in few years double the tax. Very simple and efficient.
it make sense to make it social, and invest this tax into low income homes upgrades for electricity(solar), heat production(geotermal).
That basically makes the Carbon/dirty production a luxury.
Unfortunately this is very far from the reality. It's the rich that own Teslas, and the poor that need to use a diesel car to commute to work because they can't afford to live in the city center. Carbon taxes affect the poor more than the rich.
Though I agree, this works with incentives added from governments. But then there will be carbon taxes to spend so that works I think.
Public transport is nice, and it could cover some of that, but it will never be available everywhere and at all times.
Anything on top - air travel, second homes, big cars etc - you pay for the carbon.
Maybe doesn’t sound like it’s converting to 0, but at least it differentiates between optional and essential fossil fuel use (or socialises the cost of carbon removal if you prefer).
However, the most likely result will be higher fuel prices -- until the lack of income starts hurting governments and "carbon taxes" are added on top of electricity prices instead, regardlessif the energy is green or not.
What opens such a lucrative pricing for car manufactures? battery production improvements on a scale created by the demand. By applying import tax in 2025 you can set a clear target for companies that yet doesn't have such plans despite tech enabling advancements.
I used "progressive" to use same principle. You have same brakets, but instead of money tax payer/importer checks emission points. If you are within average, you're good, no taxes, slightly higher - some taxes, dirty economy, very high tax.
And with phases we can just change what is normal. So that government put the automatic pressure on most dirty economies, but also will show the path to the rest.
I like the idea of smoothly ramping up taxes over time, in general. It seems to be the most obvious solution to the objection "this will shock the market," and that sort of thing. But due to the lack of a better term, I always want to call it "adiabatic taxation" (stealing the word from physics), but I think this is just a me thing.