1) Use unit tests to move quickly through to implementing The Feature 2) When The Feature is complete, run in a local environment to confirm it works 3) When that works, move The Feature to a development environment that more closely mimics Prod 4) Deploy to Prod
Each one of those steps takes an order of magnitude longer than the previous one, so should be done an order of magnitude less often. However if you are finding inconsistencies between steps, then alter local/dev to ensure more consistent testing. (i.e. if it works on Dev, it should just work on Prod, however there are always little issues).
Running in situ could also be integration testing FWIW. Depends on what it is you’re making.
Ofc if you do the code and the unit test, all you validate is that the code does what you assumed was right. But in 2 years, when someone touches something unrelated, he'll kiss you on the mouth that your test noticed an edge case that started failing.
If it's not your unit test catching unintended changes, it's your client. You may not want that :)