I think the problem is that there is no authoritative text, that I know of, and as ColinWright says, the same ideas can be notated differently by different fields or sometimes by different authors in the same field (though often they converge if they are in the same community).

Wikipedia has been helpful sometimes but otherwise I have found reading a lot of papers on the same topic has been useful. However, this is kind of an "organic" and slow way of learning notation common to a specific field.