Vaccum-chamber quantum sensor device could allow GPS-free navigation
breakingdefense.com
breakingdefense.com
They are going for a UHV***, probably <1e-10 mbar, but want to do it with a passive pumping design. In an ordinary chamber to get there you'd do a pump down, then bake it to remove the water. Then use an ion pump plus occasional firing of a titanium sublimation pump to remove the hydrogen that leaks in (ion pumps don't work so well for hydrogen at low pressures). They have some expensive chamber that doesn't suffer from these leaks.
Still a lot of other work to do though. I see a table full of optics to make the MOT*. Also see a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils for the magnetic field. They could maybe replace those coils (which probably drive a few amps) with permanent magnets (assuming they don't need to switch the fields on and off which I imagine they don't because it can't imagine a pulsed design that wouldn't risk missing data)
Passive getters work for a good long time with low leak rates. These you can just buy**. To be honest I'm not sure why you need such a fancy chamber. I'd guess a good NEG pump, a small chamber, and good seals would make you fine for a long time, but I'd need to do the math to be sure.
*https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneto-optical_trap
**https://www.saesgetters.com/products-functions/products/neg-...
These forums have an interesting kind of collective intelligence. People commenting here rarely (if ever) have full knowledge of the specifics of the particular instance of the topic at hand, but often have very deep knowledge of the associated theory.
In my experience, if you take any 10 people and form a team or company to make some product, they won't have anywhere near the breath or depth of knowledge that people here could bring to bear. What they have is time and persistence, but I guarantee you that they're "flailing about" and wasting time on many wrong or suboptimal solutions. In most cases, someone here could set them on the right track within minutes.
It's so strange to me that the Internet enables this, but we use this superpower for essentially nothing more than casual chit-chat. We show off our knowledge, where we happen to have a particularly impactful trick up our sleeve, win some meaningless points, and feel smug about ourselves for an afternoon. I do this all the time. It's fun.
But what would happen if we did this properly? Like Uber? Made it into an app where startups, research teams, and software developer houses could use the collective knowledge and advice of hundreds of thousands of people instead of just the dozens on their staff? Just click here to get expert advice on your question, $55 guaranteed price? Would you click?
Maybe it is time that we all plugged into the group consciousness and started contributing to the collective... /s
For more individualized problem solving, this just amounts to consultancies, no?
Maybe it would be needed that those (startup, research teams, software developer houses) learn before to listen to their customers/users.
Everyone of course is different and has different experiences, but in the last few years (personally) I found an increasing "detachment" between the people that write the software and their users.
Maybe it us just me, but it seems like users (even paying ones in case of commercial tools) are considered more a nuisance than a resource.
These are code words I almost never use. I'm no Gary Larson [0].
But someday scientists will discover that they were plum fools for dropping the advancing momentum in vacuum science as badly as they did when solid-state electronics needed to be quickly developed & adopted.
[0] https://i.pinimg.com/originals/98/ed/7a/98ed7ae52758dbb4a645...
https://external-content.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=https%3A%2F%2F...
On patents...if you're in a sufficiently unexplored space, simple ideas become eminently patentable. So -- given the context -- yeah, pretty much any thought made that is aware of these systems is likely patentable.
Profitable to patent? That's a different question.
There are way too many papers to do that for every one that comes out in my field, though, so I've gotten pretty good at skimming a paper quickly and making a snap assessment. I might say I'm aware of or acquainted with said paper, but I'd never say I'd really _read_ it.
So charitably speaking, I'd interpret the top-level commenter (avsteele) as meaning that they've only skimmed the paper and these are off-the-cuff comments, rather than that they haven't looked at the paper at all.
There is nothing wrong with making few conversational comments without being aware of the details in a particular paper. This is how scientists talk to each other BTW. If I was at a conference with the authors I'd say something similar to the OP above, then they'd agree or disagree.
^https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=mBN1xwcAAAAJ&hl=en
There is one fundamental problem with using any sensors for global positioning: a stationary frame of reference is indistinguishable from the one moving with a constant speed on a straight (actually geodesic [2]) line (inertial frame of reference, general principle of relativity [1]). So accelerometers and gyros indeed can give you accurate orientation and acceleration/deceleration data, but they will inevitably accumulate uncertainty for long eventless movements, so use of GPS will be needed to occasionally calibrate the true position. The obvious options is to augment this data with readings of wheels rotational, airspeed sensors, radars, etc, then such systems may last even longer without cross-calibration with GPS.
1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_relativity
2. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodesics_in_general_relativ...
Actually, they constantly accumulate uncertainty; no change in motion required.
This is nowhere near as good as the device described in the parent article, but it's good enough for a lot of applications. If you can get a GPS fix every few minutes, it's good enough for many nav applications.
(When we did a DARPA Grand Challenge vehicle in 2005, we had a MEMS gyro with over 10 deg/minute drift. That was too much for the mapping to work properly. We needed < 2 deg/minute for the laser scans to align. Better IMUs were back-ordered due to the Iraq war, and attempting to work around the problem with filters and a magnetic compass were not quite good enough.)
Not as trivial as jamming detection and countermeasures, so simple that it has found its way into base model commercial components. If you are in the air: use directional antennas - why are you listening to the ground? If you are on the ground: you get an easy 30deg arc pointing to the hostile transmitter... put a building or terrain between it and you.
There are physical restrictions on transmitter aerials which make really wide FHSS impossibly difficult. Especially from a satellite. So GPS still transmits on the same standard 5 frequencies, with some special codings.
The antijamming features work a little differently. If you know a random code sequence you can use various digital noise reduction techniques to improve the SNR and help punch a signal through noise.
But if you blanket blast the transmitter frequencies and their associated components with noise, you're still going to have an effective jammer. It will just have a smaller effective range.
A more interesting attack would be jamming the M code and then spoofing the data on the civilian band, which is one hypothesis for what happened to the RQ-170 that Iran soft-ish landed: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93U.S._RQ-170_incid...
https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Parker-LORD/3DMGQ7?qs=s...
3DMGQ7 Data sheet: https://www.mouser.com/datasheet/2/1083/3dmgq7_gnssins_ds_0-...
It has nothing to do with avocados, aside from someone comparing the device’s size to that of an avocado, and that was probably the only thing the journalist understood so they went with it…
It's really hard to get the people writing for a lay audience to actually understand the difference between "Simpler for lay people to understand" and "Simply wrong". This is sort-of fine if you're making a Hollywood movie, but it makes serious research look pretty stupid. Unfortunately the rare person who understands and knows how to communicate this stuff to lay people is probably more valuable as a lecturer or in some management role than writing press releases :/
INS mechanisms suffer from the same problem: that they only detect linear or rotational acceleration. To reach position, double integration must be performed, which rapidly accumulates error (drift) because velocity and position both have to be maintained to calculate the next position.
Disclaimer: Trimble Nav alum
I used to work on AUVs with inertial navigation, and a Kalman filter accepting input from GPS at the surface and a DVL or similar underwater, as well as the inertial unit, was pretty much standard equipment. The device in the article has to have miraculously low error in order to eliminate the need for GPS.
Terrain based navigation is certainly nothing new(1950s?), so there is probably a large pool of research into it, but I wonder what's been done with recent pattern recognition advances?
In areas with unique features (dense urban) localizing to within ~50ft has been demonstrated pretty robustly but more accurate methods of localization are a lot more variable and depend on the datasets, cameras (monocular vs stereo), compute, etc.
Aside from the fact that the amount of data required for that would be orders of magnitudes larger than you can reasonably store, that wouldn't work at all in areas with little terrain features like deserts or the open sea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TERCOM
Here's a modern take on it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5Kr0YI3sec
If it's updated periodically what does that system look like? Is the advantage that it can manage on its own "offline" for a usable period, unlike GPS which needs an active connection?
And the published paper it refers to https://avs.scitation.org/doi/10.1116/5.0053885
And I agree that the answers to my questions are probably not public, this is likely going to be very useful for things that go boom, in addition to a lot of other civilian applications.
Looks like with these frozen gasses one can build even better sensors, which will make no difference for civilian use because it will be even more expensive than existing systems and also because we wouldn't be allowed to use it.
If you’re a nuclear submarine or stealth bomber it makes loads of sense. For anything else I don’t really get the point.
If this works I can’t see a reason why in 10-15 year you won’t be able to fit it on a single chip.
Even just as a person, having a nav system that doesn't need to sync before it can be used would be nice, and no possible issues with buildings, trees, hills, etc.
It won't. It needs a starting position from an external source, and without periodic updates from some external source, errors will build up in this system just as with any inertial navigation system. As I understand it, this system is just supposed to build up errors much more slowly than existing inertial navigation systems, so it can go longer between updates from an external source before its error becomes too large to be acceptable.
Unfortunately i cannot find any reference to it anywhere.
Basically floating gyros, pretty common design for IMUs.
Why is the Earth's magnetic field important? And isn't that just as easy to "spoof" (if not more) than a GPS signal?
The actual paper itself would make it clear what the real advance is, but it's paywalled. 8(
If anyone knows of a better article on this, we can change the URL again.
(Not exactly aimed at the technically proficient...)