They still ask about sexual preferences, but really it's more about anything not publicly known that could be embarrassing. No one cared that I'm bi and not out to my mom but they wanted to know that I would go to my FSO and let that get out before I passed any sensitive intel to a foreign adversary who might try to blackmail me.

And basically everyone with the SCI designation could get a call to get a poly anytime, but I've never had one and know people who've had their clearances for years without getting that call (and I know a couple people who had them before the government finished that person's background investigation, so go figure). Some agencies care quite a bit, others not at all.