I'm sure you can image why this is annoying and user-hostile. You've just clicked on an ordinary-looking link, but instead of instantly opening a new tab in your favorite browser you have to wait for a new browser to load and dismiss the "do you want to set Edge as your default browser?" prompt, after which you get your page in a browser you never use with none of your extensions/settings/privacy features.
This is frustrating, and I'll simply turn off the panel instead of using it.
So this is related to the garbage MS pushed earlier in the year (or was it last year?) where a news & weather widget suddenly appeared on your dock out of nowhere.
Now if you click on a link from that thing (and probably other locations, sibling comments mention web results from the search and cortana), it opens them in Edge instead of opening them in your actual web browser.
This is not "we're bundling a local web application developed specifically for edge so we're linking to that specifically to make sure it doesn't break", this is "we're wilfully and specifically bypassing the browser you configured to handle web pages when opening web pages".
On top of that, whenever Edge opens, it tries to set itself as your default browser, and excises all your other browsers from the desktop and dock.
It should also be noted that almost every element of the windows UI which launches a browser does it using the Edge-specific scheme, so there is a substantial need to do this kind of interception if you are not an Edge user.
At the same time, If I said I want all web links opened in Firefox and an MS app is forcing me to use Edge, well that's pretty shitty.
I've had no issues using Windows since the XP days they made some missteps but it did what I wanted. Windows 11 is forcing me off Windows. I'm slowing switching to Linux Full time.
Honestly wish I could just have Windows 7 as my OS forever.
Then, when you go and use the competitor's search engine or video hosting platform you get multiple banners inviting you to install their browser (or it's flat out installed as a hidden checkbox in a popular utility's installer!).
Then, disgusted by these dark patterns and practices, you install an alternate browser that's not safari on your iOS device. Wait...
If you want to use a browser other than Edge that's fine. Most of us do. But that's on you, not the Windows team. Microsoft has a long history of caring deeply about compatibility even when they aren't the party responsible for breaking something. Perception is everything to the average user.
https://www.msn.com/en-us/weather/today/
That page has to work with browsers other than Edge because it's a public page. Someone else is dealing with that requirement already.
MS is forcing Edge in places where none of what you're calling out is true.