A realistic solution would be carbon tax, yes making things like fuel and holidays halfway around the world more expensive. But yeah, no populace will vote for that, they still aspire to go to Thailand as cheaply as possible. (even rich-ass Switzerland voted against laws to lower CO2 emissions earlier this year).
In my pessimistic view of reality, we'll just go on like this. When the resources get low in say 20-30 years, the rich countries will steal from the poorer ones (by money and by military), even if you're a pacifist you'll not mind your country's military shooting up refugees at the border if it means you can have some food and water.
Huh?
I would think that the principle of economies of scale would apply in this case, reducing the cost of production. The progress regarding battery recycling will probably drive the price further down.
If you have good public transport, then noone will want to take the car instead of public transport.