At least here in the Region of Stuttgart, Germany b) and c) mostly don't apply (and I'm pretty certain they don't in most other parts of europe) and most issues with public transit here (limited core capacity leading to overcrowding, higher prices) similarly apply to cars and automated cars (with congestion and usually higher cost of ownership than public transit time cards) and can't be solved there either by an individual. The unique issues not common to other modes of transport are bad service in some parts, depending on the route a long duration compared to car travel and an aging infrastructure leading to a few issues (but due to be replaced in the near future™).
Most of those stem partially from chronic underinvestment with some rail connections closed in the 50s still not being reactivated. But unless a car isn't needed for the daily commute (due to public transit or more home office or active transportation) it's hard to imagine car sharing or self driving cars helping a lot.