The author of the linked article is Barry Eichengreen, widely recognized as the premier scholar of the Great Depression. The article references about 900 pages worth of other articles, believe me: your pet theory about the 1920's events is considered in the conclusion. They're not ignoring it because they read fewer books than you.
> The US president talks, without a hint of embarrassment, about the need to borrow to continue to service debts.
Governments don't work like a household. What matters is borrow costs and use of funds. If a government can borrow and the net growth generated is greater than the interest rate on the debt, it's a good thing to borrow. Like any business debt.
A government can be in debt forever, the only thing that matters is borrowing costs and growth rate (and how the growth is generated see eg. Chinese real estate for malinvestment).