"Climbing a corporate ladder" is not how I would phrase it; instead I'd say something like "proven record of getting stuff done".

Sponsoring a visa is a lot of work and a fairly large upfront investment for an employee. Making that kind of investment on a 20-year old bootcamp graduate is rather risky. It might pay off, it might not pay off. Better pick someone who has at least a few years experience and has demonstrated basic ability in an actual work setting.

You'd have to be very very lucky to get a job in the US on a sponsorship with your current CV. Same for any country really.