The Coding Secrets Hidden in “Sonic the Hedgehog” [video]
youtube.com
youtube.com
Even more amazing is that they did a lot of it without tools like version control, graphics engines, and frameworks that most programmers take for granted today.
Today we stand on the shoulders of the giants that created these early games.
For example the water effect in the video was probably the culmination of many all-hands meetings within the team that figured out how to "cheat" the system into doing it, while literally bouncing off the graphics ceiling that the console was capable of producing. Nowadays we would just send the intern off and tell them to add some water to the scene as a trivial task.
Another one of my favorite ones describes copy protection via intentionally destroyed floppy sectors: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qaq9vlfoGnA