Considering its popularity, vast ecosystem, and widespread use, you can't just state that it's hated so much - that is just your impression based on few very noisy people.
I wouldn't say it's popular; it's ubiquitous. It is the only language available for development on one of the most used platforms in history: The Internet.
Also, I'd wager there's more than just a few of those very noisy people.
But no. Instead of all that, javascript spread beyond the browser. It's in my TV (plain html/js + Wasm), on my desktop in the form of an IDE and as a VPN (at the very least the UI part of it), on SpaceX's Dragon Capsule (which itself is in Space).
JavaScript, along with HTML are the among the few of the most scrutinized and battle tested technologies ever. Billions of QAs ranging across the whole world, ranging from completely incapable users to sophisticated teams of security engineers bash at it tirelessly and without sleep. And this thing holds.
I get it, it has the shitty parts, but it also evolves, becoming better and better. And most importantly - it's one standard. No branches, no perlisms. Just one organism evolving. It's really great when you come see it through the prejudice.
JavaScript spread beyond the browser because it was the only choice in the browser. Want to use the same code in the browser and anywhere else? Want maximally fungible employees? I think those choices don't pay off many times. But JavaScript is the only choice if you do.
Languages have few security vulnerabilities. JavaScript libraries and implementations have had their share.