Sometimes, I think we look to history for a lesson. Back in the olden days, it used to cost 5 cents to make a call. There were no spam calls back then of course. But if we were to bring that back, but instead of the 5 cents going to the carrier, what if it went to the called party ? Then if a friend calls me and leaves a message, their account is debited 5 cents and mine is credited 5 cents. Then if I call them back, the reverse occurs and it cancels out basically. For most of us, over time, it costs nothing. But it would effectively put robocallers out of business, they are playing the odds and have to make millions of calls a day. And, if they did keep calling, well, great. I answer and hang up, thanks for the nickel. hehe.