My understanding is that it’s more than search results - Google will also track any site you visit that uses Google Ads, Google Analytics or the Google token which is most of the web, and link all this to your Google account on their backend.
The discontinuity is that when you go in Google Browsers private browsing mode Google will still track you by the websites you visit, across the web due to their tracking token, and they are one of the only companies on the web that can actually do that tracking.