Example, an x-ray. You know you need to pay an x-ray tech X$/Hour and after doing 1,000's of x-rays, a hospital should have it down that somebody with a broken leg will require N hours (maybe .5, maybe 1.5) to setup and take the x-ray. x-ray film costs HAVE to be known. the x-ray machine life time and number of shots should be known. Then do something like a 30% surcharge for admin fees and boom, x-ray cost.
Every other industry estimates this way, what makes a hospital different?