> The Ampere Altra Q80-28 SoC with 80 cores runs at 2.80 GHz and consumes around 175 Watts.
175w is nothing to scoff at, but also isn't completely ridiculous. GPUs will end up consuming more than that in a typical ATX gaming machine.
Even ITX cases without riser cables end up positioning the GPU right at the bottom of the case, so it gets fresh air (https://cdna.pcpartpicker.com/static/forever/images/userbuil...)
Though my inner troubleshooter is thinking "oh man more connections to re-seat"
That said, you really only run into that kind of stuff when you're entering hobbyist mode. If what someone wants is a compact gaming PC, there are cases like the CoolerMaster NR200 (https://i.redd.it/fq9y7mevznb71.jpg) which are affordable and just as easy to build in as any mid-tower. The only difference is you'll be using a mini ITX motherboard, and an SFX power supply.
If you're worried about your components overheating in a small case, there are absolutely ways to cram a ton of performance into a small package. You can fit top of the line gaming hardware in as little as 10-15 liters of case volume.
If you're worried about your PC becoming a space heater, you'll need to go with less power-hungry components, but you can still absolutely build a tiny and capable gaming PC.
If I'm doing something computationally expensive, I can feel the room heatup for sure: just 2 degrees F in practice (~1C or so). Enough to notice + enough to see it in my thermometer I keep in my room... but not enough to be worried about anything.
And honestly, I don't spin up all 16c/32 threads that often.