Modern MIDI controllers are quite flexible in that regard. Stuff like

https://roli.com/products/blocks/seaboard-block-studio-editi... https://artiphon.com/pages/instrument1

are designed such that you can easily assign fine-grained inputs on the controller to whatever software parameter you like. Traditional modular required you build a lot of things you'd expect from a physical instrument incrementally, and there's some interesting music that comes from that alone, but it's a real joy to have something you can use to construct, say, lifelike vibrato that responds to multidimensional inputs, without a shitton of work.

much more cost-effective too. you can use a single $300 controller and software to make the same shit that'd require several discrete multi-grand dollar setups if fully implemented in hardware