Lighting: No problem! We're talking the Sahara.

Lots of light, in the Sahara.

With all that light, they didn't need a flash, and the shutter could be fairly fast.

I am pretty sure they are real, but the dates given are kind of unverifiable, by looking. The Bedouin still pretty much look like that, today, but you might see the occasional watch, and probably more shoes, these days.