Where do you end up with the translations from wdt:P25 to "mother"? That's the most incomprehensible part. It feels like I need a reverse dictionary lookup to write a single query.
But honestly i think people would have a lot easier time if we had less indirection and just wrote "mother" instead of wdt:P25
What i actually do, is take the number, if it starts with a q go to wikidata.org/wiki/Q123 . If it starts with P go to https://wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P25
What it actually means in a technical sense:
Identifiers in sparql are urls (sort of similar to integer id fields in sql). wdt: is short for http://wikidata.org/prop/direct so wdt:P25 is http://wikidata.org/prop/direct/P25 wdt: means basically normalized but there are other prefixes if you need to access deprectated statements or modifiers on properties. Gory details at https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikibase/Indexing/RDF_Dump_Fo...
You do not need to declare the wd: prefix if you are using the endpoint at https://query.wikidata.org
I think its safe to assume in context that the newbie sparql user is not setting up their own sparql endpoint but using the official wikidata endpoint.