Project includes a dependancy that has a license that forbids its use
github.com
github.com
Why did I not spell this out in the blog post? For my own amusement. I also think it shows that licenses really don't matter all that much as some people think, they are not computer code.
The lawyer seemed genuinely surprised and said they would read up on it. I'm pretty sure my bringing this up in a friendly manner caused them to question their assumptions. Had I picked a fight during the presentation I'd just be labeled a basement dweller.
However, this lawyer also told me something interesting. To some extent it doesn't matter whether I was able to change his mind. As long as other lawyers in the field have this bogeyman concept in mind, the use of GPL will get flagged in due diligence, etc. and it's easier to simply not use a component with strong copyleft when developing a product (unless it's as irreplaceable as Linux).
This is a long-winded way of saying that selling exceptions will likely scare off potential purchasers long before they are in a position to consider the purchase. Most shops have a blanket "no GPL ever" policy and a dev won't even bother with the component even for a prototype.
For example, using an LGPL based JavaScript library just leaves me confused every time. I read the LGPL 3.0, read some stack overflow answers, and read the GNU website. Yet I am left without being 100% certain that I can minify the LGPL JavaScript into a single file with my own source code (because JavaScript is not object code, and because sending JavaScript to the browser is distribution).
With BSD/MIT licences everything is clear and less ambiguous, and if I get something wrong then it is usually something easy to fix.
If I were a general counsel, I wouldn’t trust all my developers to follow the GPL licenses properly nor would I trust developers to correctly avoid simple mistakes. A default ban limits liability, reduces risks of negative publicity, and anyone that needs an exception has to justify it.
Idealistically, I love the GPL, and I truely believe in the goal of share and share alike.
Practically I understand why following the *GPL licences is difficult and that it involves multiple risks for a business, and so many commercial businesses sensibly prefer to avoid the costs.
> (F) Platform Limitation- The licenses granted in sections 2(A) & 2(B) extend only to the software or derivative works that (1) are run on a Microsoft Windows operating system product, and (2) are not Excluded Products.
So you could not deliver it on Safari, but also not on Chrome if it ran on Mac.
Aaaand that is why the JSXLSX implementation was developed, exactly the same as xlsx.js but without the restriction.
If you do personal projects that are open source it's equally important to know what licenses your dependencies have if you release those projects to the public.
I would describe an end user count, revenue size, etc in order to apply special circumstances to corporations. Drone.io does a great job of this.
Non-free licensed code has been on GitHub for quite some time. It's not only about free software and you should not assume so, as in all software.
Edit: changed FOSS to "free"
It would be an interesting precedent, forcing companies to comply with everything their advertisements say and doing away with any sort of fine print and ToS. I’m all for it, in fact. Total Ankh-Morporkization!
They matter as long you're willing to enforce them, and have the time and money to do so.
In that case, you may be able to submit some form of take down request to GitHub against that project and other projects who are using your library.
https://github.com/search?q=bouk%2Fmonkey&type=commits
edit: wow, one of the projects that depended on your library was arduino up to 2020. https://github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commit/09b4e8804fbd61...
edit2: was also used by AWS up to last week when they removed it. https://github.com/awslabs/karpenter/commit/d84365e8c44178ea...
the library is currently in use by Heroku/SalesForce to build deploy java apps (or something like that) https://github.com/heroku/java-buildpack/blob/master/go.mod
I wonder what sort of settlement you could get if you were to send them a lawyer for real.
This is why the GPL is more developer friendly than other licenses. If a business doesn't like the GPL you can offer to relicense your code, ... for money. And money is the restitution you seek when the license is violated.
The damages probably amount to $0. "Don't use this code, no seriously don't" isn't exactly an advertisement of the value it provide.
which doesn't even use go.
And they'd like you to even move away from that replacement to an ever newer replacement: https://github.com/heroku/buildpacks-jvm
You absolutely have the power to end the controversy by switching to a more mainstream license then adding a clear disclaimer like “use at your own risk”.
GitHub currently lists 465 projects that depend on your library, which means more than a handful of devs find it useful.
By technicality, the license has been violated by quite a large variety of corporations: Microsoft, AWS, Heroku, Bilibili, Baidu, Apache, Arduino, etc. [0~6], and much much more [7]
Crazy.
[0]: https://github.com/microsoft/bedrock/blob/a0ab244a80a94133cb...
[1]: https://github.com/awslabs/karpenter/pull/609
[2]: https://github.com/heroku/java-buildpack/blob/master/go.mod#...
[3]: https://github.com/bilibili/overlord/blob/b524449801b5411583...
[4]: https://github.com/baidu/openrasp/blob/f992962207bec063eda6f...
[5]: https://github.com/apache/camel-k/issues/2067
[6]: https://github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/issues/740
[7]: https://sourcegraph.com/search?q=context:global+%28bou.ke%7C...
(We fleshbags could probably use more widespread application and understanding of formal language and notation as well—the most cumbersome description of linear interpolation I’ve ever seen was in the section on a real estate tax hike in the tax code; it had paragraphs! I mean, I feel for those who didn’t have a good time in high-school algebra, but I don’t see how they could reasonably deal with that monstrosity either.)
Algebrophobia apparently is a thing.
Culturally, yes, and I can’t help but be awed at how stupid and self-inflicted it is. (See “Mathematician’s lament”, et al.) Introducing algebra into legal practice now would probably be a spectacularly bad idea even if it were possible. That’s why I mentioned “more widespread application and understanding of formal language”. Passing this hurdle is a massive ordeal—if I meaningfully contributed to it and knew that, I could probably die a happy man—but, I mean, we were talking disembodied brains in VR here.
By the way, can anyone explain what it is people actually like about A Brief History of Time? I went on to study some of this stuff, but the book appears both unnecessarily convoluted and surprisingly stingy with actual information compared to my preferred pop sci fare. I like me some enigmatic promises of explanations, but Hawking’s were left mostly unfulfilled, or so it seemed to me.
Sure, it's funny, but it's a joke at the expense of everyone else. This is like going to a party and walking up to every person and making a joke at their expense. Were the jokes funny? Maybe. Does everything think you're an asshole? Almost certainly.
In this case the license was silly, but if this library had been GPL, it’d still have been a massive violation by most of those big companies, and that’s something we need to pay more attention to.
People shouldn't use software without checking the license, but if you're making a joke, for a pattern that's actually something used in the industry, because you believe that pattern is bad, yeah, you should label it a joke.
If someone spends the time to integrate mystery code without taking the time to check the license allows it then frankly they dug that hole themselves.
> If you’re not interested in how it works and you just want to do monkey patching, then you can find the library here.
Also
> Wrapping it up in a nice library
> I took the above code and put it in an easy to use library. It supports 32 bit, reversing patches, and patching instance methods. I wrote a couple of examples and put those in the README.
Then in the README[1]:
> Make sure you read the notes at the bottom of the README if you intend to use this library.
Either the author is confused or has decided that he doesn't want to maintain an hack. Anyway license is pretty clear.
There was an HN thread[2] when it was released.
[0] https://bou.ke/blog/monkey-patching-in-go/
Thanks for chiming in and clear the misunderstanding.
But your blog post[0] language suggests that you are okay with and even incentivizes people trying this out (even if trying it out might be technically illegal, because it infringes your rights).
I think you should have mentioned something about the license in your blog post. As it stands, "If you’re not interested in how it works and you just want to do monkey patching, then you can find the library here." is misleading. If the user wants to do monkey patching, they better not look at your code and program their own solution.
For me the question is whether the misleading blog post would be found by a court to be an implicit license separate from the one in the codebase. My guess is that it would depend on several factors including the specific circumstances of the accused infringer and the specifics of contract/copyright law in the relevant jurisdiction, but probably at least sometimes yes.
Though I'm an anarchist who thinks people give the law as written far too much weight. (As opposed to what the population as a whole thinks is good or bad)
Your project, on the other hand, just looks like it was designed to waste people's time. Congrats I guess?
Or is this just a post-hoc "its just a joke bro. Y u mad?"
Regardless, its your code, do what you want.
> If you publish your source code in a public repository on GitHub, according to the Terms of Service, other users of GitHub have the right to view and fork your repository.
https://docs.github.com/en/github/creating-cloning-and-archi...
> Any User-Generated Content you post publicly, including issues, comments, and contributions to other Users' repositories, may be viewed by others. By setting your repositories to be viewed publicly, you agree to allow others to view and "fork" your repositories (this means that others may make their own copies of Content from your repositories in repositories they control).
> If you set your pages and repositories to be viewed publicly, you grant each User of GitHub a nonexclusive, worldwide license to use, display, and perform Your Content through the GitHub Service and to reproduce Your Content solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality (for example, through forking). You may grant further rights if you adopt a license. If you are uploading Content you did not create or own, you are responsible for ensuring that the Content you upload is licensed under terms that grant these permissions to other GitHub Users.
This allows you to browse and use the fork button to create a repository. It's unclear if the second paragraph is clarifying, or adding to the first term. If it's additive, then you might also have permission to host your own private repo off service.
Nowhere does it give you a license to _use_ the contents of the repository in your software. Nor does it allow you to publish the contents outside github - the first paragraph does not address publishing, and the second makes it clear that paragraph only applies "through Github's functionality".
To clarify, I did not mean to say that it does; I merely wanted to make people aware of the fact that some "default" restrictions are lifted when you publish on GitHub (just like when I type this comment on HN).
Recently open sourced, but has been used for twenty years in real products from MS and others. It's not so crazy as you might think!
An example of a real use I had for it: redirecting messages from OutputDebugString to a log file. AFAIK that is the best way to do it, when you only want the output from your one process. "Why not just call a proper logging function directly instead?" Because the OutputDebugString calls were coming from inside my GPU driver. Real life is not some ivory tower of perfection. An imperfect world requires imperfect solutions.
This library patches a third party runtime, one that explicitly forbids this kind of instrumentation and has a famously unstable ABI.
You can do whatever you want to get your job done, and this is certainly one way to do it, but it’s absolutely a dangerous hack.
From [1]: "This is as unsafe as it sounds and I don't recommend anyone do it outside of a testing environment."
[1]: https://github.com/bouk/monkey#i-thought-that-monkeypatching...
… which is exactly dow it is used in dapr
> This is only used in the test (and thus not.compiled and distributed in our binaries).
(source: https://github.com/dapr/dapr/issues/3563#issuecomment-901563...)
> … which is exactly dow it is used in dapr
Eh... There's a difference between "a testing environment" as used in that quote and "as part of an automated test" as you mean here.
To me the former implies an experimental and/or ad-hoc environment, while the latter implies a stable, production environment.
I am however glad this issue came up. The author does not appear to want to screw anyone over legally on this - so why not take it as a lesson learned and go from there?
It only needs some build-in YouTube and Getty-Images browser to select fairuseify targets. (It should work for all kind of media, of course).
I think we've solved the copyright issue right now finally for good, didn't we?
I like a license that says that I reserve the right to sue whoever I feel like suing. If you use it, make sure I don't feel like suing you (e.g. make no money) or that I can't catch you (i.e. be an outlaw.)
> "Copyright Bouke van der Bijl
I do not give anyone permissions to use this tool for any purpose. Don't use it.
I’m not interested in changing this license. Please don’t ask. "
Used by counter on GitHub is at 464. The way it's worded would imply that they are all violating the license? How can this be enforced for inconsequential small pet projects? Is this really something to worry about, particularly with what (seems to me) to be a sort-of spurious license?
Sure you can ignore him and wait for him to lawyer up and make your life miserable. Considering that IT specialists which have capacity to contribute to open source are typically not poor or have idealogical interests, I would not take the bets.
Respect the wishes of the people you take code from.
License checking is like code coverage. If you are a professional you take care of it.
Actually it does matter and you don't have to. In practice pet projects are basically never going to be sued, it's simply not worth it. As a side note, a lot of techy people struggle to separate the law as written with the law as practiced.
The ethics question is more interesting, but for something like this which is clearly satirical? No harm, no foul.
The contextual author does not care for sure. But generally it is an ethical problem like you said but also a practical one. Once you stack enough pet (or should I say lpad) projects together something bigger comes out. And the liability is hidden three layers down the dependency tree.
Yes. My read of the situation is not that it's a license that intends to stop people from using it, but rather that it's a license that selects for a specific target audience that doesn't care about copyrights or is anti-copyright.
In my opinion, that's a perfectly valid audience to select for, although a license that specifically prohibited any licensee from ever filing a lawsuit over a copyright claim or sending a DMCA takedown might be a funnier way to accomplish it.
I still wouldn’t use this code, because I don’t want to break the law. Being anti-copyright doesn’t mean you also need to be against due process.
I do not give anyone permissions to use this tool for any purpose. Don't use it.
I’m not interested in changing this license. Please don’t ask.
Then why publish the blog post and put it into a package??
> 5. License Grant to Other Users
> Any User-Generated Content you post publicly, including issues, comments, and contributions to other Users' repositories, may be viewed by others. By setting your repositories to be viewed publicly, you agree to allow others to view and "fork" your repositories (this means that others may make their own copies of Content from your repositories in repositories they control).
> If you set your pages and repositories to be viewed publicly, you grant each User of GitHub a nonexclusive, worldwide license to use, display, and perform Your Content through the GitHub Service and to reproduce Your Content solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality (for example, through forking). You may grant further rights if you adopt a license. If you are uploading Content you did not create or own, you are responsible for ensuring that the Content you upload is licensed under terms that grant these permissions to other GitHub Users
Did I imply otherwise? Git submodules are just links. Please explain how linking to a submodule is not allowed.
Was someone disputing the right of OP to share a link to the blog post or the repository?
> you grant each User of GitHub a nonexclusive, worldwide license to use, display, and perform Your Content through the GitHub Service and to reproduce Your Content solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality (for example, through forking)
You can run the code on GitHub Codespaces & GitHub Actions, you can fork the code to make changes, and you can dynamically link/embed the code in other projects on GitHub through git submodules.
I think this would fall under "use" which I dispute the GitHub TOS allows.
> and you can dynamically link ended the code in other projects on GitHub through git submodules.
Sure. As long as you do not compile and run it, you can link it until you turn blue in the face.
With GitHub Codespaces and GitHub Actions you aren't compiling or running the code, GitHub is.
From my understanding, this satisfies the following:
> solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality
I don't think anyone who's posted so far is a lawyer, but the claim is precisely that GitHub's ToS do relinquish the rights to run the code, so long as you only do so on GitHub and through their published interface.
GitHub ToS> If you set your pages and repositories to be viewed publicly, you grant each User of GitHub a nonexclusive, worldwide license to use, display, and perform Your Content through the GitHub Service and to reproduce Your Content solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality (for example, through forking).
> running it on a third party service does not magically launder the license
Totally agreed. By uploading to GitHub publicly you've granted an _additional_ license and asserted that you had the legal right to do so. It's kind of like when open source projects will also sell a proprietary license on request -- companies aren't magically beholden to the GPL'd version just because it exists somewhere; they get to choose which of their available licenses they'd prefer to use.
It's a neat blog post, shows interesting internals, and no - you should not do it.
The "legal print" in this case is five lines long, written in (contrary to most licenses) very plain english, located in the root of the repository, in a file named 'LICENSE.md'. It's not exactly hidden where a reasonable person might overlook it. "We didn't know" isn't a very convincing defense.
It's commonly understood that open source software may be copyleft.
I think not mentioning a license that says "No use permitted" amongst some instructions on how to use it is deceptive.
> "We didn't know" isn't a very convincing defense.
Good thing "mean", is a matter of subjective perception and not of law, then. Or do you suggest everything legal is automatically good?
Edit: it actually was: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28265605
How can someone include some dependency without checking the license? That's actually the very first thing to do, before you can even consider using something!
Not doing this is extremely unprofessional. Additionally it's stupid and very dangerous: You can bring yourself and/or your company into serous trouble. Really serous trouble.
Do people really pull in some random stuff without even looking a little bit what it is? This would make the old write-up¹ about someone placing the ultimate backdoor everywhere a certainty by now.
Sorry for ranting but this whole thing is a real-world satire, imho. The license was a joke, OK. But that it didn't fool only some random hobby hacker but alleged professionals at big corps is truly egregious. I can't stop shaking my head…
¹ https://medium.com/hackernoon/im-harvesting-credit-card-numb...
is-odd, 486.139 downloads weekly
is-even, 206.628
is-windows, 17.329.418
is-empty, 176.643
true, 504 too many
false, circa 700
is-number, 46.806.043 (!!!)
is-promise, 10.282.368
left-pad, 3.014.769
These are the one I hate more, but it's full of unnecessary one-line packages. Some of them are even used by the big players. I just don't understand...
Where I work for we have automated license scanners for this reason. They would flag such a use. But this open source project, and apparently 467 other cases, missed that. Maybe the contributors assumed the author had done their due diligence, maybe they just don't check in general, it's hard to know.
But my point wasn't about transitive deps (directly). The point is about pulling something new into your project.
At the point you include something that something needs to tell you the license for itself and for all its dependencies. If it doesn't that's already fishy in its own rights (and you should turn back or start investigating for real). You need to look at the provided license lists of course.
Yes, I see more and more projects that don't list licenses for their deps. But that's usually already a license volition on its own! You can't use something like that, it's obviously problematic.
Having some tools that download random stuff form the internet may be OK when you're doing something for yourself. But at the moment you want to publish that something you're obligated to check the licenses. That's a know thing. If you don't that's very shoddy work, and actually you could get sued for all resulting damages.
So no matter what it's actually impossible to include code with a problematic license, given no botchers were involved anywhere deeper in the chain.
And here we're at the core of what I've said:
It's completely baffling to me how something like that could possibly happen. At least as long as I try to believe that no complete idiots work in the industry, people who aren't even capable of reading, and don't know even the most basic things about the job they try to do. People that therefore shouldn't be allowed to touch anything as they could create great danger for their surroundings and for themself!
But OK, maybe I just have to accept that the software industry is not different to this here:
https://github.com/mgraczyk/fast_check_once/blob/master/fast...
There's something really appealing about replacing code at runtime to "hack" the bypass normal behavior of the language. For testing/mocking this can even be useful.
Some flaws, but was able to download a bunch of licenses :)
>I do not give anyone permissions to use this tool for any purpose. Don't use it.
So no use rights either.
Where I think this case gets murky is that the item in question is not distributed or used by users of the software, but is part of the production process for it.
Wouldn't that effectively bar the use of DRM? If I buy a blu-ray, I can't legally watch it unless I have a player capable of unlocking the content.
That may be one of the "specific circumstances," as there is a law that specifically forbids bypassing DRM.
Depends on jurisdiction.
> (a) Making of Additional Copy or Adaptation by Owner of Copy.—Notwithstanding the provisions of section 106, it is not an infringement for the owner of a copy of a computer program to make or authorize the making of another copy or adaptation of that computer program provided:
> (1) that such a new copy or adaptation is created as an essential step in the utilization of the computer program in conjunction with a machine and that it is used in no other manner, or
Read GitHub's TOS, they explicitly state you give them the right to copy your work in order to allow for forking because their lawyers KNOW they have no rights otherwise and could be sued.
GitHub's TOS requires permission to copy, because github is not just executing your code.
There is, and you can. It's called patent law. If the author of this license also had a patent, they could deny others the ability to use it. But unlike copyright, you are not automatically granted a patent for your creations.
If you can figure out how to use software code that someone else wrote, without making your own copy of it first, I suppose that would not be in violation. I’m not aware of any way to do that, though.
edit: Although, "This is only used in the test (and thus not.compiled and distributed in our binaries)." https://github.com/dapr/dapr/issues/3563#issuecomment-901563...
There's no assertion that the method is patented so you'd probably be free to also use the technique, as long as you don't reuse or incorporate the original work. If your code consequently looks like the author's then that's usually fine too, c.f. NEC v. Intel (1989), although actually relying on this precedent is a question balancing your access to legal resources vs how much the author really gives a shit.
"If you set your pages and repositories to be viewed publicly, you grant each User of GitHub a nonexclusive, worldwide license to use, display, and perform Your Content through the GitHub Service and to reproduce Your Content solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality (for example, through forking)."
I think these override it?
[1] https://docs.github.com/en/github/site-policy/github-terms-o...
The only weak spot is GitHub Actions/Code spaces/etc for dev tools I guess. Because that falls under "GitHub service" and is a functionality of it.
1. GitHub has a valid license to distribute it (as a result of their TOS)
2. Running the downloaded code is not copyright infringement (or not obviously so, and hasn't been established as so in any court that I am aware of)
3. Using the APIs is not copyright infringement (see Oracle v Google, if that was fair use this almost certainly is)
Thus no copyright infringement has occurred.
Still, keeping this in the codebase is at best boobytrapping your code to create accidental future instances of copyright infringement, and it's an interesting case of people not checking licenses (since it's pretty clear they didn't realize this in advance).
The license literally says "you can't use this". How are so many people confused about the license in this thread?
Based on what law/authority?
Copyright law forbids making copies, derivative works, etc. Not using things. You're allowed to read a book without a license.
Moreover copyright law makes an explicit exception for the copies required to run a computer program on a machine that aren't used in other ways (i.e. copying it to ram/registers): https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/117
The author may say "you can't use this", but it is not clear to me that he has any legal authority to do so.
Simply reading the words "Don't use it" does not bind you, because there is no grant of use; there is no offer or exchange of value, so no contract has been formed, and the statement is at best advisory. It is equal to writing "All rights reserved", which is to say, you retain whatever rights pre-existed under statutory and common law, such as right of fair use and so forth, and anything due to Github's ToS.
Engineers often fall into the trap of thinking the law is a programming language. It isn't, mercifully.
If you stole a copy of Microsoft Office on CD from a shop (back when that was a thing) it seems clear that using the software would have been a copyright infringement because you wouldn't have been the owner.
In this case you have the right to download the software (via the github agreement) but how does that relate to ownership and the legal exemption? I've no idea.
The question I'm addressing in 3 is whether or not the source code becomes a derivative work of the dependency (meaning writing it in the first place would be illegal). The only portion of the dependency that the source code copied was the names of a few functions/modules (part of the API). Copying that part of the API into the work seems very analagous to the Oracle/Google case, except even less was copied and it is even less of a market place competitor (but again, I'm not a lawyer).
From the GitHub TOS someone posted:
"... license to use, display, and perform Your Content through the GitHub Service and to reproduce Your Content solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality (for example, through forking)"
I'm not sure if cloning from GitHub to your local computer falls under "reproduce Your Content solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality" (due to "solely on GitHub" part).
(Again, not a lawyer, not super familiar with this part of copyright law, but...) I'd argue that the copy is made on githubs server and then sent to me, and I simply move the sole copy around (or to the extent that I make a new copy it is a lawful copy of the network traffic for archival purposes under 17 USC 117 (a) (2)). That "git clone" is clearly a integral part of githubs service so the license is clearly intended to cover it. That "git clone" is not meaningfully different from "wget" from "a web browser" - again the license is clearly intended to cover this. That any liability that does exist falls on GitHub as the party making the copy.
I'm not sure which if any of those arguments would convince a court though
That sentence is wrong, GitHub’s terms of service explicitly give users a right to download, and also run, the code of any project that is publicly visible. Please read the terms, especially section D “5. License Grant to Other Users”. https://docs.github.com/en/github/site-policy/github-terms-o...
> you grant each User of GitHub a nonexclusive, worldwide license to use, display, and perform Your Content through the GitHub Service and to reproduce Your Content solely on GitHub as permitted through GitHub's functionality
(emphasis mine)
Sure you are, that is just not true.
> You are forbidden from downloading the content for any other purpose
The rights GitHub grants allow a copy to be made. What you can’t do is redistribute the code, that part is clear. But what you do with it on your machine when not showing it to anyone else is not prohibited by GitHub’s terms, nor by copyright law. I’ve read both. If you have too, and believe otherwise, please cite the relevant sections.
I am contending (with citations to the law) that you simply don't need a license to execute other peoples code once you legally have a copy of it.
The answer is likely no (within the U.S. at least), based on conversations I’ve had with lawyers who specialize in intellectual property law.
While arguing on HN is a fun intellectual exercise, I would encourage anyone to talk things over with a lawyer before putting financial resources at risk by intentionally violating the expressed license (or lack thereof) in published software code. Even if it is published on GitHub.
You can also refer to this thread and pay particular attention to toyg's response.
Lol (quoting your profile here since I think it's fair to give other people the expectation that you won't engage)
> toyg's response.
I both agree with his reponse and would categorize my use of the case here as within that (the only code copied out of the dependency is API related).
I can't force you to debate this, but I also have to say I don't think casting vague aspirations without an explanation is a useful form of comment.