It’s not damning per se. That depends on the sampling (or otherwise it would be a tiny, tiny insurer). I’ve done studies where I sampled an insurance population to get equal group size on a few key parameters because we then did follow up questionnaires and I needed to account for non response. No point in random sampling then because all I probably would get was data on the largest groups in the population. As it turned out people loved the subject of our questionnaire (effect of preventive measures by home owners on incidence of a whole range of common claims) and we got about a 70% response rate (that’s crazy high for cold questionnaires to customers) so the study ended up quite overpowered.
Not knowing the sampling, not documenting, not having the emails or at least a zip containing the work (over 4 authors)… that’s a different ballpark.