Having Your Smartphone Nearby Takes a Toll on Your Thinking
hbr.org
hbr.org
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S10538...
So while the presence of a smartphone does indeed seem to impair the working memory, they found "no overall effect of smartphone presence on short-term and prospective memory performance".
What else can phone OS makers do?
Then you install Lineage OS without google apps on it so you have no connection to google on it.
It would take quite some willpower for someone to do that but the added massive bonus is that no tech company can read your private conversations or look at your images.
This vastly understates the nature of addicting technologies and the psychological tricks used to ensnare users and keep their attention. Willpower is the oft-cited by never sufficient commodity used to deflect blame to the individual. No neuroscientist in her right mind would tell you that all it takes is willpower. If that were true, then addiction, to gambling, tobacco, and drugs, and physical inactivity wouldn't exist.
BlackBerry phones used to be called "Crackberries" in the 2G/3G era, because people could not stop themselves from constantly checking the web or sending emails and IM. And that was years before the content deluge really started.
They were called that because the user's interaction w/ push-notification devices was very different from Palm PDAs which were offline-first. You had to manually sync the device with your computer. When you were on the go, your content was only whatever you synced. There was no reason to check your device for something 'new'.