Even more importantly, I don't know the context behind any of this advice, which is needed to process it appropriately.
Some examples:
> If you need a PhD, get through it ASAP.
Is this really good advice? I would encourage people to be extremely skeptical about getting PhDs - i.e., work in the real world first - and then if you still really want to do one, do it well, so that you have a shot at the kind of post-PhD opportunities that would make it worth it.
> Develop specific skills and think about specialising early.
The anecdote on this is weird and I'm not sure I agree (depends on what they mean by "specialize"). If by specialize, they mean "major in something practical" sure I agree with that. If by specialize, they mean, "aim to become a expert in some niche in your field in college", disagree.
> Be wary of slow feedback loops.
Agree mostly, but disagree with the specific examples given. If you know you want to be a lawyer, go to law school.
> Be strategic in your career decisions.
Agree, but the opposite advice would also be fine: careers are long and complex, so don't attempt to be overly strategic early on.
> Think about going to a startup.
This just looks like startup shilling.
> When you’re great at your job, no one’s advice is that useful.
Not sure this is true.
> Know the relevant senior people.
Not sure this is THAT important early on in your career.
> Be irrationally optimistic.
Useful if you are in sales or a founder, but for most other careers (e.g., engineering), I would advise rational optimism.