If it were biodegradable, geofoam hills would turn into geofoam-vacant sinkholes.
Also, concrete degrades by itself. In decades it crumbles, pulverizes and goes back into being soil.
But, importantly, it does not become toxic particulate like plastic.
[edit: corrected phrasing, thanks zdragnar]
Same for other sustainable materials like compacted soil, gravel, sand...
Biodegradable would seem to imply to me that bacteria and fungi feast on it and convert it to what we consider soil.