I really hope this work trickles down to our programming - state machine problems are basically "solved" (for my needs at least), but more complex programs are really hard to prove.
In a nutshell, the key challenge is taking the core of complexity theory (which is easy to formalize in terms of state machines) and migrating it into the language(s) of category/type theory (which is much more modular/compositional).
A couple interesting recent works in this area:
Categorical Complexity: https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/c...
Dusko Pavlovic's Monoidal computer series: 1. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1208.5205 2. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1402.5687 3. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.04882
I'm a bit of a philistine when it comes to cutting edge CS in this area so I'll leave you to it!