National, standardized, digital ID is inevitable.
It is one of the reasons ID resolution in the US is largely outsourced to private entities, which have no such restrictions.
It absolutely could require one for functions within the federally-regulatable sphere, and not prohibit its use for private and state functions.
(If it was national-but-decentralized, it could just set standards for the digital ID and let states issue them, the same way it has for physical ID, see, e.g., REAL ID.)