https://media.samaritans.org/documents/Media_Guidelines_FINA...
https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resourc...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00031539.htm
Though the Samaritans one lists "took their own life" as actually being okay and warns against phrases like "committed suicide".
I'd prefer "died by their own hand" to "took their own life" but some might get hung up on the word hand. "Died by suicide" is my preferred phrase, though.
I personally don't read into any of the nuances of the different phrases, so for me they are directly equivalent. I suppose if I were a writer, I might pay more attention to the phrasing.
I guess as defined in my own vocabulary, suicide is always deliberate, or else it would be an accidental death caused by the victim.
I think I prefer "killed himself/herself". I think this doesn't whitewash what it really is. "Took their own life" can theoretically sound kind of romantic and poetic to some people. "[X] killed himself" makes it clear what the implications of the actions and effects are, without adding any sort of moral or legal judgment (e.g. "committing" implying committing a crime).
It's jarring - which a professional news outlet may not want to come across as - but I think it should be.
Not quite analogous, but if someone has epileptic seizure and falls and cracks their skull and dies, we don't says they threw themselves to the ground, even though their own brain caused them to go off balance and fall.
But, yeah, as you say, that's not a good analogy. Barring a scenario like extreme drug influence or a total psychotic fugue, suicide is still generally an intentional or mostly intentional act, even if it may be an impulsive one. If you shoot and kill someone in a crime of passion, you're absolved of some blame, but not all of it. It may be the potentially deeply regrettable intentions of someone who's in a very bad state of mind, but unfortunately a lot of decisions a lot of people make fall into that category.
For me, the important bit is the clear, grave consequence ("killed"). My goal isn't to suggest blame should be put on anyone. I don't think such a term would work in English, but if there were something like "were killed by themselves" or "auto-killed", I would've said that, instead.
My intention was to just prevent sugarcoating it and hopefully slightly reduce the chance that a suicidal person might read it in an abstract or idyllic way. "Died", "passed away", "life taken", "perished", "succumbed", "departed", "deceased", and even "suicide" just don't have the same gravitas as "killed". I know that's partly because "killed" implies intentionality, but I think it's also because it also encompasses the visceral act of it truly happening. And the word itself has a visual and verbal harshness to it. It's not just that they were here and now they weren't; they were killed.