You need a MAGI of less than $139,000 to do that. That includes dividends and capital gains, so it's unlikely post-Paypal Thiel ever made that little. Pre-Paypal Thiel might have.
> Get a sweetheart deal to buy a stake in a startup that has a good chance of one day exploding in value.
This might happen for post-Paypal Thiel. Definitely not pre. This is way easier said than done unless you have good access to deal flow (he does) and founders willing to pay for the privilege of having you as an investor vs. some random VC.
> Pay just fractions of a penny per share
You're not paying fractions of a penny per share for something that has a "good chance of one day exploding in value." This investment doesn't exist.
I'd love to see his specific investments. I have a feeling a handful from a specific time window made up the bulk his his returns.