I don't understand how the search indexer consumes so much resources, I was able to make something faster by following the ntfs journal and just keeping a full listing of files in sqlite.

I use Everything to find stuff, so much better

Windows Defender has a massive impact on file transfers, especially small files. For example on my laptop with a NVMe SSD, unpacking the Golang zip file goes from seconds to minutes with Windows Defender enabled.

Not necessarily, because for that comparison to work you would need a proper NTFS driver. Does one such even exist for Linux? Looking at the Debian wiki [1] there's either a FUSE driver or a limited feature set kernel driver. Neither looks like a proper optimized "enterprise ready" driver. These work fine for accessing some files, but comparing these in a benchmark would no doubt show their weakness.

Now even if NTFS is inherently a slower architecture than ext4 or something, that does not change the fact that this difference would be minimal compared to the absolute horror show that is the Windows Defender slowdown.

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[1] https://wiki.debian.org/NTFS