For example, if commenting on a website were truly frictionless (i.e. anonymous users could post without an account), the quality of the discussion would go to pot and the signal-to-noise ratio would dramatically deteriorate. A small barrier to entry (sign-in required) increases the quality/signal-to-noise by a large factor even if it "disenfranchises" some people that would have otherwise commented but couldn't because they didn't have time to create an account.
In that same vein, I think that if you make voting too easy you'll increase "noise" of the ballots, since lots of people that otherwise wouldn't have voted are now submitting low-effort ballots with essentially random bubbles filled in (other than perhaps the most prominent candidate). If it's not unreasonable to require users of websites to create an account before they can participate, why is it unreasonable to essentially require the same thing before contributing to the government of a nation?