I haven't used tailscale so... I think so? Tailscale is pretty light on the details, and even their docs say that they have been reluctant to describe how it works.

>People often ask us for an overview of how Tailscale works. We’ve been putting off answering that, because we kept changing it!

Yggdrasil is fully peer to peer and doesn't require a central coordinator like tailscale does. Ygg is closer to a global network than a private one. You can make a private network, but if any peers on the network peer to the global net then your whole network is now peered. this should be handled at the firewall level, or with an overlay VPN.