You don't need a Google account to use an Android phone, and even if you choose to use one, you can turn off sensitive things like location and app tracking if you want.
https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/27/18114111/google-location...
https://apnews.com/article/north-america-science-technology-...
https://www.businessinsider.com/google-location-data-violate...
If you have any evidence that someone who uses Android without a Google account and doesnt use Google Apps is still getting tracked by Google, I'd be interested to see it.
Apple Maps employees use these "anonymized" GPS traces to correct roads, show business hours, find new points of interest that are unmapped, etc