"As the total value of the global financial market has vastly outgrown the value of the real economy, financial institutions on this planet have created a web of interactions whose size and topology calls for a quantitative analysis by means of Complex Networks."
refer to Capital in the Twenty-First Century :
"The book's central thesis is that when the rate of return on capital (r) is greater than the rate of economic growth (g) over the long term, the result is concentration of wealth, and this unequal distribution of wealth causes social and economic instability."
regarding models, in a conclusion of Nature paper:
"Differently from other networks, here nodes have some ability to anticipate the future, including the future structure of the network and try to take advantage of it. Although in reality such ability is much more limited than what models in mainstream economics postulate, it represents a circularity in the model that is difficult to treat with analytical or statistical tools. "
so, participants use models and apply them to change behavior, making the system harder to model (!)