(I don't have data to back this up, just my experience as a roughly 1-dan player who hangs out with a lot of U.S. Go folks)
One way might be to use a Go engine to analyse the best moves for you as you play. Even for non online play this is already a problem with Chess games and hidden smartphones. Everyone has a 9d bot at their disposal these days. And of course one could make use of cloud TensorFlow if that’s not enough.
There are ways of detecting cheating.
These days there are lots of great alternatives :
OGS, Fox, Tygem, Panda Net to name but a few.
All of them have their pros and cons but OGS is great for western players.
Also can highly recommend lifein19x19.com
Also thank you for the lifein19x19.com shoutout :)
It's hard to say how much larger it is than OGS. OGS has an enormous population of correspondence players but generally smaller for live play maybe by 3x?