The amount of energy a PoW coin uses entirely depends on the cost of electricity, hardware, and profitability. When a coin spikes in value, the profitability goes up so more miners join in. A single PC would have enough processing power to run the bitcoin network. All of this power usage goes towards solving useless tasks which get more difficult the more people there are trying to solve them.
> When a coin spikes in value, the profitability goes up so more miners join in. A single PC would have enough processing power to run the bitcoin network.
well, yes, but then a single miner could and would control the entire network since 'why would any give up their compute power for free to ensure the network is not being hit by double-spend attacks, when someone else is already doing it'. The whole point of a PoW coin having huge fees and thus returns for the miners is to incentivize a decentralized ledger. I don't think Satoshi intended for it to eventually consolidate into just a few huge mining companies which theoretically could perform a double-spend attack, but it's not something that could have been protected against with a few more if statements (although, if this happened, the coin would tank in value, which is probably the inherit safeguard).
- #2 ethereum is moving to PoS
- #3 binance is PoS (tendermint)
- #4 cardano is PoS (ouroboros)
- #6 tether is a token
- #7 XRP is BFT-based (I think PoA?)
- etc.
Basically there's only Bitcoin, Dogecoin (lol), and Bitcoin Cash in the top 10 that are still proof of work. If you look at the top 50 it's even more biased towards non-proof of work.
"Any day now" for the last several years.
There are new PoW cryptocurrencies such as Grin (https://grin.mw)