1) at non-low doses it increase dopamine level/synthesis, dopamine reduce with aging (15% less at 40, 45% less at 70) and this accelerate ageing (can be said of many things, and it also a strong reason for testosterone replacement therapy)
2) it is a potent antioxydant and is pro apoptotic at the mytochondrial level. This massively reduce accumulation of ROS and is shown to be highly beneficial in many conditions (such as myopathies, and neurodegenerations)
3) there is a third mechanism (effective at low dose) That is apparently more important than the 2 first mechanisms (at least in rats) and show extreme results such as X2 lifespan in rats and X3-4 learning ability
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002432051...