Ask HN: Ideal US Tax Structure

It seems like half the HN community believes that any tax increase at all will destroy the economy and turn the United States into a post apocalyptic hellscape and the other half believe that any tax reduction will result in decentralized-robo-feudalism.

There also seems to be disagreement on where taxes should come from (VAT/capital gains/ wealth/income/spending/land/etc)

Obviously this is to big a topic for a forum post but in broad strokes I'd love to hear the pros and cons of different systems.

So how would you structure the US tax system?